1. Miroslav Stamenković, Klinika za očne bolesti, KBC Zvezdara, Beograd, Serbia
Classification and definition of ocular trauma was based on the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (1). Open-globe injury indicates a full thickness wound of the eyeball. Herein, IOFB indicates any open-globe injury with a retained IOFB, that is, penetrating, rupture, or mixed. A self-sealing wound was a wound of the globe wall that closed tightly by itself without primary repair.
An intraocular foreign body (IOFB) is encountered in 18% to 41% of open globe injuries. Patients with IOFBs are overwhelmingly male (>90%) and young. Mean age at presentation is 25 to 39 years 66% of injured are between 21 years and 40 years of age. Majority have good preinjury visual acuity (2).
Mechanism of injury is predictive of the presence of IOFBs. Hammering, grinding, or shaving metal, machine yard work such as lawn mowing, and explosives exposure are particularly high risk (3,4). Entry site was categorized by the wound’s most posterior extent as zone 1 for cornea, zone 2 for sclera up to 5mm posterior to the corneoscleral limbus, and zone 3 for sclera more than 5mm posterior to the limbus. According to literature the most comon entry site is cornea 65%, followed by sclera 25% and the limbus 10%. Posterior segment IOFBs are the majority of IOFBs. Most are identified in the vitreous, but others may be preretinal,subretinal, or suprachoroidal in location. Thirty-four to 56% of posterior segment IOFBs are accompanied by vitreous hemorrhage and 12% to 73% by traumatic cataract, which may prevent visualization of the IOFB (5).
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22.05.2017.
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