1. Josipa Karij Trivunović, Univerzitet u Banjoj Luci, Medicinski fakultet, studijski program Dentalna medicina,
Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
2. Vladan Mirjanić,
Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
The oral health of a child begins to take shape long before the first teeth appear. During pregnancy, the mother's body undergoes numerous hormonal, immunological and metabolic changes that can affect the composition of the oral microbiome and the occurrence of oral diseases. The oral health of a pregnant woman is not only important for her own health, but also plays a significant role in the development of the oral health of her child.
The mother's oral cavity is one of the first sources of microorganisms that the child encounters after birth. The transmission of oral bacteria from the mother to the child, especially cariogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans, can affect the development of the child's oral microbiome and increase the risk of early childhood caries. However, the presence of individual bacteria in itself is not sufficient for the development of the disease, but their influence depends on the complex interaction of the microbiome, genetic factors and environmental influences.
Genetic factors play an important role in determining the structure and resistance of dental tissues, the composition of saliva, the immune response, and individual susceptibility to oral diseases. Variations in genes involved in enamel development and the body's defense mechanisms can contribute to different susceptibility to caries, developmental disorders of teeth, and periodontal diseases.
A special link between heredity and the environment is epigenetics, the field that studies changes in gene regulation without changing the DNA sequence itself. Factors such as maternal diet, stress, inflammatory processes, and the composition of the microbiome during pregnancy can affect the expression of certain genes and potentially shape the development of the immune system and oral health of the child.
Understanding the relationship between the mother's oral microbiome, genetics, and environmental factors emphasizes the importance of prenatal dental care. The oral health of the future child does not begin with the first tooth, but with the oral environment that we create even before his birth.
Ključne reči :
Tematska oblast:
SIMPOZIJUM B - Biomaterijali i nanomedicina
Datum:
22.07.2026.
Contemporary Materials 2026 - Savremeni Materijali
Datoteka uz rad
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